Kev ua kom cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom tsis muaj kab mob yog hais txog lub xeev tsis muaj kab mob uas tsis muaj cov kab mob pathogenic thiab cov kab mob uas tsis muaj kab mob uas tuaj yeem tsim tau hauv cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom tom qab cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom tau ua tiav kev kho mob kub nruab nrab, yog qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej rau cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom kom ua tiav lub sijhawm khaws cia ntev dua ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo ntawm cov khoom noj. Kev ua kom cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom tsis muaj kab mob hauv kev lag luam hauv kev kuaj kab mob hauv cov khoom noj yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsis muaj kab mob sib piv, tsis muaj cov kab mob pathogenic, thiab tsis muaj cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv cov kaus poom ntawm chav tsev kub.
Yuav kom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev ua kom huv si hauv kev lag luam, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom feem ntau suav nrog cov txheej txheem xws li kev kho cov khoom siv raw ua ntej, kev ntim khoom hauv kaus poom, kev kaw, kev ua kom huv si, thiab kev ntim khoom. Cov chaw tsim khoom uas muaj cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom siab dua thiab cov kev cai tswj hwm zoo dua muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom nyuaj dua thiab zoo meej dua.
Cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam hauv cov khoom noj hauv cov khoom noj tau ua tiav zoo, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas nws cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yog qhov zoo rau kev siv cov thev naus laus zis no zoo dua hauv kev ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom noj hauv cov khoom noj muaj kev nyab xeeb. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam hauv cov khoom noj hauv cov khoom noj yog raws li nram no (qee lub koom haum tshuaj xyuas sab nraud uas nruj dua yuav muaj ntau yam khoom tshuaj xyuas):
1. Cov kab mob hauv cov kaus poom
Kev kuaj kab mob hauv cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua kom huv ntawm cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom. Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm kuaj cov khoom hauv cov qauv kaus poom, thiab tshuaj xyuas thiab kuaj xyuas cov kab mob uas tau kuaj xyuas, cov khoom me me hauv cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam.
Cov kab mob pathogenic feem ntau hauv cov kaus poom suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau cov kab mob thermophilic, xws li Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus coagulans, Clostridium saccharolyticus, Clostridium niger, thiab lwm yam; cov kab mob mesophilic anaerobic, xws li botulinum toxin Clostridium, Clostridium spoilage, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium pasteurianum, thiab lwm yam; cov kab mob mesophilic aerobic, xws li Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, thiab lwm yam; cov kab mob tsis tsim cov noob xws li Escherichia coli, Streptococcus, poov xab Thiab pwm, pwm tiv taus cua sov thiab lwm yam. Ua ntej nqa cov kab mob hauv kaus poom, nco ntsoov ntsuas pH ntawm lub kaus poom kom xaiv cov khoom siv tsim nyog.
2. Kev kuaj cov ntaub ntawv sim
Feem ntau, txoj kev kuaj no yog siv rau kev kuaj cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom. Thaum kuaj cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom loj, kev kuaj feem ntau yog ua raws li cov yam xws li lub chaw tsim khoom, lub npe lag luam, ntau yam, qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom lossis lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Rau cov kaus poom tsis zoo xws li cov kaus poom xeb, cov kaus poom tawg, qhov puas, thiab qhov o ntawm cov khw muag khoom thiab cov tsev rau khoom, kev kuaj tshwj xeeb feem ntau yog ua raws li qhov xwm txheej. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev kuaj cov khoom siv sim kom xaiv txoj kev kuaj tsim nyog raws li qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag, kom tau txais cov khoom siv sim uas qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom noj hauv cov kaus poom.
3. Khaws cov qauv cia
Ua ntej khaws cov qauv, yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm xws li kev ntsuas qhov hnyav, ua kom sov, thiab qhib cov kaus poom. Yuav tsum ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm lub kaus poom sib cais, nyob ntawm hom kaus poom, nws yuav tsum raug rau 1g lossis 2g. Ua ke nrog pH thiab kub, cov kaus poom yuav tsum khaws cia rau qhov kub tas li rau 10 hnub; cov kaus poom uas rog lossis xau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau khaws cia tam sim ntawd rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem khaws cia kub, muab lub kaus poom tso rau hauv chav sov rau kev qhib aseptic. Tom qab qhib lub kaus poom, siv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog los noj 10-20 mg ntawm cov ntsiab lus ua ntej hauv lub xeev sterile, hloov mus rau hauv lub thawv sterile, thiab khaws cia rau hauv lub tub yees.
4.Kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj kua qaub ntau
Kev cog cov khoom noj uas muaj kua qaub qis yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb: kev cog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo brompotassium ntshav ntawm 36 ° C, kev cog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo brompotassium ntshav ntawm 55 ° C, thiab kev cog cov nqaij siav nruab nrab ntawm 36 ° C. Cov txiaj ntsig tau smeared thiab stained, thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kom meej dua tau npaj tom qab kev kuaj xyuas microscopic, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tseeb ntawm kev sim txheeb xyuas cov kab mob hauv cov khoom noj uas muaj kua qaub qis. Thaum cog hauv nruab nrab, tsom mus rau kev soj ntsuam cov kua qaub thiab cov pa roj ntawm cov kab mob me me ntawm nruab nrab, nrog rau qhov tsos thiab xim ntawm cov kab mob me me, kom paub meej tias cov kab mob me me tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom noj.
5. Kev kuaj mob los ntawm lub tshuab microscopic
Kev kuaj mob los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab microscopic smear yog txoj kev kuaj mob thawj zaug uas siv ntau tshaj plaws rau kev kuaj mob kom tsis muaj menyuam hauv cov kaus poom, uas yuav tsum tau cov neeg soj ntsuam zoo uas muaj kev paub dhau los ua kom tiav. Hauv ib puag ncig uas tsis muaj menyuam, siv kev ua haujlwm aseptic, smear cov kua kab mob ntawm cov kab mob me me uas muaj nyob hauv cov qauv kaus poom uas tau cog qoob loo ntawm qhov kub tas li hauv nruab nrab, thiab saib cov kab mob tshwm sim hauv qab lub tshuab microscope muaj zog, kom paub txog hom kab mob me me hauv cov kua kab mob. Kev tshuaj ntsuam, thiab npaj cov kauj ruam tom ntej ntawm kev cog qoob loo thiab kev txheeb xyuas kom paub meej ntxiv txog hom kab mob uas muaj nyob hauv lub kaus poom. Cov kauj ruam no yuav tsum tau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo heev ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam, thiab kuj tau dhau los ua qhov txuas uas tuaj yeem sim cov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam zoo tshaj plaws.
6. Kev sim cog qoob loo rau cov khoom noj uas muaj pH qis dua 4.6
Rau cov khoom noj uas muaj kua qaub nrog tus nqi pH qis dua 4.6, feem ntau tsis tas yuav kuaj cov kab mob lom hauv zaub mov lawm. Hauv cov txheej txheem cog qoob loo tshwj xeeb, ntxiv rau kev siv cov khoom siv kua qaub ua cov khoom nruab nrab, nws tseem tsim nyog siv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo malt ua cov khoom nruab nrab rau kev cog qoob loo. Los ntawm kev smearing thiab kev kuaj xyuas cov kab mob me me, cov hom kab mob hauv cov kaus poom kua qaub tuaj yeem txiav txim siab, yog li ua kom muaj kev ntsuam xyuas ntau dua thiab tseeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb zaub mov ntawm cov kaus poom kua qaub.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-10-2022